How to reserve a seat of Japan Railway trains at the station and online

Timetable and reservation
Midori no Madoguchi (reservation window) and ticket window at Central Exit concourse. (C) JP Rail
2009.12.30
Tohoku Shinkansen E5 series run mostly as Hayabusa and Hayate. These trains have only reserved seat. You cannot take this train without seat reservation.
The Tohoku-Hokkaido Shinkansen Hayabusa has only a reserved seat car. You cannot take this train without a seat reservation.

When you take the Shinkansen or the limited express train, you may have to book a seat because some trains require you a seat reservation. Though some limited express trains have some non-reserved cars, you should book a reserved seat if you can.

Especially if you use JR Pass, Hokkaido Rail Pass, JR East Pass, Tokyo Wide Pass, Sanyo San’in Area Pass and Kyushu Rail Pass, these passes cover a reserved seat fee. Use this benefit to ride a train with a peace of mind.

I also strongly recommend you to secure a seat if you travel in the peak seasons, such as late April to the first week of May (a.k.a. Golden Week), August 10 to 20 (It is called “Obon” which is a summer break.) and the year-end/New Years holiday (December 29th to the first week of January.)

I would like to explain you how to book a reserved seat in this post

Before you make a reservation

If you intend to use Japan Rail Pass (a.k.a. JR Pass), JR East Pass, Tokyo Wide Pass, Sanyo Sanin Area Pass, Takayama Hokuriku Area Pass, Hokkaido Rail Pass and Kyushu Rail Pass, you MUST turn in your exchange order to the actual Pass before booking your seat. You have to show your pass when you make a reservation. Exchange order does not work to book a train seat. Once you turned in, you can go ahead to make a reservation at any reservation windows and anytime. But if you use JR Easts’ online reservation, you can book a seat in advance before exchanging an actual pass. I will explain about this online reservation site later in this post.

Explaination by movie

You can watch the movie below which explains you about the booking in the station:

If you buy the JR Pass on the official reservation site, you can book a seat online. I explain how to use this site in the movie below:

I explain how to use JR East online booking step by step in the movie below:

Where you can book

Midori no Madoguchi (みどりの窓口)

First of all, I would like to tell you how to book a seat at the station. I will explain you about online booking later in this post.

You can book a seat at the ticket reservation office that is called “Midori no Madoguchi (みどりの窓口)”. You can find “Midori no Madoguchi” very easily. You will find a big green sign easily like the images above and below.

The logo of Midori no Madoguchi

“Midori no Madoguchi” is located at most of major JR stations. If you are in major cities, such as Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, Yokohama, Fukuoka, Sapporo, you cannot miss “Midori no Madoguchi”. 99% of JR stations in these cities have “Midori no Madoguchi”. Some major stations have a few Midori no Madoguchi.

The signage is different in JR Central area.

If you travel in JR Central (JR東海) area, you cannot find Midori no Madoguchi. Because “Midori no Madoguchi” is JR East’s trademark and JR Central avoids to use it. In JR Central area, such as Nagoya, Mishima, Shizuoka, Gifu, Takayama, it is shown as “Shinkansen and JR Line Tickets (新幹線・JR線きっぷうりば)” like image below.

JR Central ticket office. It does not have any green signage. It looks very simple.

JR Central operates the Tokaido Shinkansen between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka. JR Central has a ticket office outside JR Central operation area, such as Tokyo, Shin-Yokohama, Kyoto and Shin-Osaka. In these stations, you can find two different kinds of the ticket office, “Midori no Madoguchi” and “Shinkansen and JR Line Tickets”. But you can use either ticket office to book any JR train tickets. This difference does not matter.

What kind of information you need

Please make sure the following information before you make a reservation:

  • Date and time
  • Train name and number
    This is not required. But if you want to take the specific train, please tell the train name and number. It is much easier to make a reservation for the staff and you can save your time. All Shinkansen trains and most limited express trains have the combination of the name and number. e.g. “Hikari 246”.
  • Departure and Arrival Stations
  • Smoking or Non Smoking
    Smoking seat is still available on a few trains. If you really want to have a seat in the smoking car, you may ask a staff to look for. If you do not mention, usually you will be assigned a seat on non smoking car. If a seat is available on only smoking car, usually a staff let you know and make sure that you accept it or not.
  • Passport
    If you use JR Pass or other JR passes, you always have to carry your passport. You may be asked to show it by a station officer or a conductor when they want to check it.

When you can start booking

You can make a reservation anytime within one month prior the departure date. The ticket is on sale one month prior to departure date at 10:00am

e.g.
Departure date — August 23 at 10:00 am. the Shinkansen from Tokyo to Shin-Osaka
Ticket is on sale at 10:00 am on July 23.

e.g.
Departure date — August 24 at 00:34 am. Sunrise Seto from Osaka to Tokyo
Ticket is on sale at 10:00 am on July 23, not July 24. Because this train originally depart from Takamatsu at 21:26 on August 23. Overnight trains are very few in Japan currently. But if you book a seat on overnight booking, please check the departure date at the original departure station.

The reserve seat on most trains can be reserved at Midori no Madoguchi only. So you have to be in Japan when you book. Online booking is still very limited.

Online booking

Japan Rail Pass official site

If you buy the JR Pass at the official site, you can make a booking through this website.

Japan Rail Pass official reservation site

Japan Rail Pass official reservation website

You can book a seat on most JR trains. However the price of JR pass is higher than the prices at the authorized dealers. If you buy the JR pass at the authorized dealer, you cannot book a seat on this site.

JR East Train Reservation

This online reservation system is operated by JR East. Unfortunately this JR East Shinkansen Reservation is only English online reservation for the traveler who use JR Pass, Hokkaido Rail pass and JR East Passes. If you intend to use a regular ticket, you can use this site too.

This site offers a seat reservation for the trains which run in JR East and JR Hokkaido areas. So you CANNOT make a reservation for the Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen (Tokyo-Kyoto or Osaka) and other limited express trains which does not run in JR East and JR Hokkaido area. And also there are some restrictions. The biggest restriction is the ticket pick up. You must pick up a ticket one day before the travel date. You cannot pick up a ticket on the day of travel. Please read Guide (FAQ) before you make a booking.

Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen Reservation App “EX”

This app is available in a few countries only. And also this app is available for a regular ticket user only. You cannot use this app to book a seat for JR Pass or other rail passes. However any rail passes do not meet your trip plan and this app is available in your country, this is very convenient. You can book it in advance from your smartphone.

JR West Online Train Reservation

JR West has launched the online reservation site. However this online booking system does not cover any train pass user. You can use this online reservation as the regular ticket user only.

If you use a regular ticket, this online site may be a good choice. This online booking covers most of JR trains.

Eki-net (えきねっと)

I have received a comment from one of my readers, Tak. He mentioned me that we can use this Japanese online reservation system even for Japan Rail Pass or other travel passes users. This online reservation is in Japanese. So unfortunately this is not available for all of you. However some of my readers asked me that we can use a friend in Japan to make a reservation for Japan Rail Pass user in outside of Japan. You can do it with your friend in Japan and use this site.

This reservation system covers all over Japan. You can book for the Shinkansen between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka which is not available on JR East Train Reservation.

How to reserve a ticket from outside Japan in advance

As you saw, online reservation does not cover all trains. I really wish Japan Railway have full online reservation system.

If you want to secure your seat before departure, the local travel agent may be able to help you. This is only way to reserve a ticket before you depart from your country.

One of my frequent visitors, James in Australia, left a comment. He did this way many years ago. But I would like to share this information:

*JTB actually charge MORE than $55 Australian dollar($56 US dollar March 2011 currency) per ticket, in fact JTB charge $75 Australian dollar(US$76) per ticket.

The $75 came from $55 service fee plus $20 courier fee to deliver your ticket to your hotel in Japan, $55+$20=$75 Funny my ticket for SL-Yamaguchi express is only $60 therefore altogether I need to pay $135 to get SL-Yamaguchi express ticket!

So, all I can say is, if you want to get a JR train ticket before you get to Japan, make sure you are ok with paying at least $75( $76 US dollar), it helps if you really need to get on a particular train that is very hard to book or if you are travelling during peak season. But if you are not in a hurry, travelling in leisure pace across Japan, perhaps think twice.

I hope is worthy many people told me SL-Yamaguchi express is the best steam train experience ever in Japan.

Unfortunately this is only way to do it. You can find Japan Rail Pass authorized agent at JR Pass official site. They may be able to reserve a ticket for you too. But some of the agent do not want to reserve your seat. They want to book whole things, like hotel, air ticket, attraction tickets. Because it is too small profit to make a reservation for only train ticket.

Comments

  1. Melvin lua says:
    January 13, 2020 at 1:44 am

    Hi,

    i read some comments about the train. i have question. i am flying to tokyo on 26 April 2020 and i will be traveling to Osaka using the Shinkansen. i have question if i buy the ticket thru Smart Ex apps am i able to use the JR Pass becos i need to book seats as i know it will be crowded. if i buy from Travel agent the JR Pass in Singapore is there a website for me to book seats.

    Thanks
    Regards
    Melvin

    • Takeshi Shimomura, Author of JPRail.com
      Takeshi (JPRail.com administrator) says:
      January 13, 2020 at 5:49 am

      Hi Melvin,

      Unfortunately there is no online options to book a seat for Tokyo to Shin-Osaka. Smart EX does not cover JR Pass. New JR Pass official site will come up sometimes in this spring. But the exact date has not been released yet. I hope it will be in time for your travel. Otherwise you have to book a seat after you arrive in Japan.

      Cheers,

      Takeshi / JPRail.com

  2. Dennis says:
    January 5, 2020 at 8:28 am

    Dear Takeshi-san,
    we will be travelling from Hakata/Fukuoka to Hiroshima during Golden Week in May.
    Reservations are surely needed.

    The earliest time is 1 month before departure, correct?
    (JP Pass holder)

    Many thanks, Dennis

    • Takeshi Shimomura, Author of JPRail.com
      Takeshi (JPRail.com administrator) says:
      January 5, 2020 at 1:03 pm

      Hi Dennis san,

      Yes. The ticket is on sale one month before.

      e.g.
      Travel date – May 1st
      Ticket on sale – 10:00 am on April 1st.

      At this point, there is no online reservation for JR Pass user available. But JR has announced that they will open JR Pass online purchaseing site and JR booking site sometimes in spring. You may be able to use it:
      https://youtu.be/N6oBrETSguQ

      Cheers,

      Takeshi / JPRail.com

  3. Kai says:
    January 4, 2020 at 3:21 am

    Hi, 12 of us will be traveling from Ueno to Kusatsu on 28 January 2020. I can’t seem to find a online booking site for the limited express train. Can the tickets be purchased the day before we depart? I’m worried about availability.

  4. John Coker says:
    January 4, 2020 at 2:18 am

    Hello Takeshi,
    My group it arriving in Hokkaido by plane into New Chitose airport and traveling around by bus but we’re trying to travel out of Hokkaido using the trains to get to the Hakuba Valley area in Honshu.

    What link are you referring to when you said “Please see the link below. You will find “Exchange/purchase counters for Hokkaido Rail Pass” ? I didn’t see that you provided a link nor did I see one on the web page here. Can you post the link in your response please?

    Also, you said that the JR pass can not be used in Furano but I don’t understand why because there’s a JR train that leaves from Furano Station called the Nemuro Line. Doesn’t the JR pass include all JR trains? Please advise.

    Thanks,

    John

  5. John Coker says:
    January 1, 2020 at 10:35 pm

    Hello Takeshi,
    A friend and I are planning on purchasing the JR Pass online in advance for when we travel by train from Hokkaido to Hakuba Valley. I’m confused as to how I can book a reservation for a train and pick-up tickets. Do I present by JR Pass at the ticket counter to redeem a ticket? Also, I read that I will need to pick-up my ticket one day in advance of the travel date. We intend on traveling from Furano to Hakodate on Saturday February 15th by taking the following trains: Furano Statoin to Takikawa Station by Nemuro Line> then from there the Lilac Kamui train to Sapparo Station > then from Sapporo Station to Hakodate Station via the Super Hokuto line. Can I obtain the tickets for all three of these trains on February 14th at the Furano station? Also, from Hakodate station on February 16th, my friend and I intend to take the Tohoku Hokkaido Shinkansen from Hakodate to Omiya Station and then take the Hokuriku Shinkansen to Nagano. Can I pick up both of these tickets on February 15th? Please advise.
    Thanks,
    John

    • Takeshi Shimomura, Author of JPRail.com
      Takeshi (JPRail.com administrator) says:
      January 2, 2020 at 12:24 am

      Hi John,

      Unfortunately Furano is not on the list of a ticket pick up location. Please see the link below. You will find “Exchange/purchase counters for Hokkaido Rail Pass”. This is Hokkaido Rail Pass exchange location. The online ticket collection places are same of these stations.

      But how are you going to get Hokkaido? Do you visit some places before reaching Furano? JR Pass can be exchanged in advance. You will pick the date when you want to start using it at the time of exchange. You can pick any dates within one month.

      e.g.
      If you exchange the pass on January 1st, you can choose any days until January 31.

      You may pick up a ticket when you exchange JR Pass. So for example, if you arrive n New Chitose by a flight, you can exchange the pass and collest a ticket. You can pick up all tickets which you make online booking.

      If you cannot exchange the pass before leaving Furano, you cannot start using JR pass from Furano either. Furano is not an exchange location of JR Pass either.

      Cheers,

      Takeshi / JPRail.com

  6. tykki says:
    December 19, 2019 at 1:12 am

    Hi Takeshi, thank you for writing this article.

    It is very useful especially given that I will be travelling from Kyoto to Osaka in the first week of January 2020.

    Question:
    Is there a limit to the number of non-reserved seats ticket for a given day?
    Will non-reserved seats ticket be sold-out?
    Will there be space to stand in the non-reserve carriage? I am looking at the 3rd of January 2020.

    Thank you.

  7. Rudy says:
    December 9, 2019 at 1:11 am

    Hi,

    I plan to travel from sapporo to furano by train on 21 Dec 2019. I have used Hyperdia to search the available trains, unfortunately it doesn’t show result. However if i type sapporo to Asahikawa, there are few available trains. Does it mean no trains available for segment route Asahikawa – furano?
    Can you advice me how to purchase the train tickets in advance by online ticketing?

  8. Estee.S says:
    December 6, 2019 at 11:07 am

    Hi Takeshi-san,

    May I get your advise if 23rd Dec will it be peak season and is it advisable to reserve tickets in advance for traveling from Biei – Asahikawa – Sapporo – Hakodate?

    Also, can the LTD. EXP LILAC 14 be reserve in advance too?

    Thank you so much.

    Cheers,
    Estee

  9. Liz Carey says:
    December 3, 2019 at 6:11 pm

    I need some help. We purchased a 14 day Green Seat Japan Rail pass a few weeks ago. I am now trying to reserve some train seats and I’m finding it very hard to figure out. Here are the trains we need to take. How do I reserve seats? If we are not able to reserve seats before we arrive, will the trains be full?

    12/28 Nagano to Kyoto via Nagoya
    12/30 Kyoto to Hiroshima
    12/30 Hiroshima to Kyoto
    12/31 Kyoto to Nara
    12/31 Nara to Osaka
    12/31 Osaka to Kyoto
    1/1 Kyoto to Tokyo

    Please advise!

    Thank you.

    • Takeshi Shimomura, Author of JPRail.com
      Takeshi (JPRail.com administrator) says:
      December 3, 2019 at 10:36 pm

      Hi Liz,

      Unfortunately all trips cannot be booked online. You must book all tickets after you arrive in Japan.

      In your trip, the trips on 28th and 30th will be very busy. You may not be able to book a ticket. All you can do is trying to book right after you arrive in Japan.

      You will take a local train mostly on 31st. So it is okay. And usually January 1st is slow. I believe you can book a seat for Kyoto to Tokyo.

      Cheers,

      Takeshi / JPRail.com

  10. tiffdocks
    Tiffany cheng says:
    December 3, 2019 at 3:23 pm

    Hi,

    I booked Shinkansen tickets for 30th December and I was wondering if I can pick them up earlier at the station.

    Thanks

    • Takeshi Shimomura, Author of JPRail.com
      Takeshi (JPRail.com administrator) says:
      December 3, 2019 at 10:30 pm

      Hi Tiffany,

      If you meant that you want to pick up a ticket through online booking, you can do it.

      Cheers,

      Takeshi / JPRail.com

      • tiffdocks
        Tiffany cheng says:
        December 3, 2019 at 10:43 pm

        Hi,

        I booked the tickets via the smartex app but because there was no IC card I can only pick up from the machine.

        Are you saying that I can go to the machine earlier and pick up?
        Thanks

        • Takeshi Shimomura, Author of JPRail.com
          Takeshi (JPRail.com administrator) says:
          December 4, 2019 at 6:03 am

          Hi Tiffany,

          Yes, you can. You don’t need to pick up on the day of travel. Once you booked, you can pick it up anytime before boarding time. But once you pick it up, you cannnot change or refund through Smart EX. You must go to the station ticket counter.

          Cheers,

          Takeshi / JPRail.com

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